A
Accessibility: The design of products, devices, services, or environments for people with disabilities
Affinity diagram: A method of synthesizing that organizes data into groups with common themes or relationships
B
Big picture storyboard: A series of visually rendered panels that focus on the user’s experience
Basic grid: Intersecting lines that divide pages into small squares, which allows you to easily lay out elements in a design
Borders: A method of containment that uses continuous lines that often form shapes, like squares or rectangles, to break up sections of a page
C
Competitive audit: An overview of your competitors’ strengths and weaknesses
Customizable text: A feature that allows users to change how text is displayed in order to read the text more easily
Close-up storyboard: A series of visually rendered panels that focus on the product
Common region: The principle that elements located within the same area are perceived to be grouped together
Conversion rate: Measures the percentage of users who complete a desired action
Containment: The use of visual barriers to keep elements of a design neat and organized; the four methods of containment are dividers, borders, fill, and shadow
D
De-identification: Removing any identifying information from a users’ data that is collected during a research study
Dividers: A method of containment that uses single lines to separate sections of a page
Direct Competitors: Companies that have offerings similar to your product and focus on the same audience
Dopamine: A natural chemical in the brain that’s released when something pleasurable happens, which makes us feel good or intrigued
Drop-off rates: The number of users who abandon the experience
E
Edge case: What happens when things go wrong that are beyond the user’s control
Empathy: The ability to understand someone else’s feelings or thoughts in a situation
Empathy map: An easily understood chart that explains everything designers have learned about a type of user
Elements: Building blocks for creating a design
F
Fidelity: How closely a design matches the look and feel of the final product
Friendliness bias: The tendency of people to agree with those they like in order to maintain a non-confrontational conversation
Fill: A method of containment that assigns colors to borders and shapes
Font: The size, thickness, and emphasis of characters of text
G
Gestalt Principles: Describe how humans group similar elements, recognize patterns, and simplify complex images when perceiving objects
Goal statement: One or two sentences that describe a product and its benefits for the user.
H
Happy path: A user story with a pleasant ending
High-fidelity: A design that closely matches the look and feel of the final product
I
Iconography: A system of graphic images or symbols associated with a subject or an idea
Ideation: The process of generating a broad set of ideas on a given topic, with no attempt to judge or evaluate them
Implicit biases: The collection of attitudes and stereotypes we associate with people without our conscious knowledge
Indirect competitors: Have a similar set of offerings but focus on a different audience, or have a different set of offerings and focus on the same audience
Industry standards: Common ways to indicate page elements
Information architecture (IA): Organizes content to help users understand where they are in a product and where the information they want is
Insight: An observation about people that helps you understand the user or their needs from a new perspective
Iterate: Revise the original design to create a new and improved version
K
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): Critical measures of progress toward an end goal
M
Methodology: The steps to take to conduct research, collect data, and analyze data
Mockup: A high-fidelity design that represents your final product, without the interactivity of a prototype
N
Negative (white) space: The gaps between elements in a design
Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA): A contract that gives one party legal protection against another party stealing their ideas or revealing proprietary information before a product is launched
L
Layouts: Ways to arrange elements on a page
Layout grid: A series of columns and alleys that allow you to organize elements in a design
Low-fidelity: A design with a lower amount of complexity and that is less refined or polished
Low-fidelity (lo-fi) prototype: A simple, interactive model that provides a basic idea of what the product would look like and how it would function
P
Pain points: UX issues that frustrate the user and block the user from getting what they need
Personas: Fictional users whose goals and characteristics represent the needs of a larger group of users
Problem statement: A clear description of the user’s need that should be addressed
Product development lifecycle: The process used to take a product from an idea to reality
Prototype: An early model of a product that demonstrates functionality
Proximity: The principle that elements that are close together appear to be more related than things that are spaced farther apart
R
Research study: A step-by-step examination of a group of users and heir needs, which adds realistic context to the design process
S
Serial position effect: When given a list of items, people are more likely to remember the first few and the last few, while the items in the middle tend to blur
Shadows: A method of containment that creates dimension in combination with borders or fill
Similarity: The principle that elements that look similar are perceived to have the same function
Social desirability bias: The tendency for people to answer questions in a way that will be
viewed favorably by others
Stakeholders: People who are involved in the project or who will be affected by its results
Storyboard: A series of panels or frames that visually describes and explores a user’s experience with a product
Synthesize: Combine ideas to draw conclusions
System Usability Scale (SUS): A questionnaire that measures the usability of designs
T
The human factor: Describes the range of variables humans bring to their product interactions
Time on task: The amount of time it takes for a user to complete a task
Typography: The technique of arranging letters and text to make the language readable, clear,
and visually appealing
Typographic hierarchy: The ordering of typefaces and fonts in a layout to create divisions that show users where to focus and how to find information
Typeface: The overall style of text, distinguished by stroke weight, shape, type of serif, and line
lengths
Type classification: A general system to describe styles of type, like serif and sans serif
U
User group: A set of people who have similar interests, goals, or concerns
User journey: The series of experiences a user has as they achieve a specific goal
User story: A fictional one-sentence story told from the persona’s point of view that inspires and informs design decisions
Usability study: A research method that assesses how easy it is for participants to complete core tasks in a design
Use of navigation vs. search: The number of people who use a website or app’s navigation, compared to the number of people who use the search functionality
User error rates: Indicate the parts of a design that cause users to make errors
V
Visual design: How a product or technology appears to users
Vulnerable populations: Groups of people who have limited ability to provide their consent or have special privacy concerns
W
Wireframe: A basic outline of a digital experience, like an app or website